In this article, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for macular degeneration.

What is Macular Degeneration?

A healthy macula is essential for clear and detailed vision, which is necessary for activities like reading, driving, and recognizing faces. Macular degeneration occurs when the macula deteriorates, causing blurred or distorted vision in the center of your visual field. The condition typically affects both eyes, but the rate and severity of vision loss may vary from one eye to another.

Types of Macular Degeneration

There are two main types of macular degeneration: dry AMD and wet AMD.

Dry Macular Degeneration
Dry AMD is the most common form of macular degeneration, accounting for about 90% of cases. It is characterized by the formation of small yellow deposits called drusen in the macula. Over time, these drusen can increase in size and number, causing the macula to thin and become damaged. This can lead to dim or distorted vision, especially in the center of the visual field.

Wet Macular Degeneration
Wet AMD is less common but more severe than dry AMD. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow underneath the retina and leak blood and fluid, causing damage to the macula. This can lead to rapid and significant vision loss if left untreated.